Percentage calculations are used everywhere — exam results, shopping discounts, salary hikes, tax rates, and business growth. This guide covers every type of percentage calculation with real examples you can use today.
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Basic Percentage Formula
Percentage = (Part ÷ Whole) × 100
Example: Percentage of Exam Marks
You scored 432 out of 500 marks: Percentage = (432 ÷ 500) × 100 = 86.4%
Common Percentage Calculations
1. What is X% of Y?
Formula: (X/100) × Y
Example: What is 18% of ₹5,000? = (18/100) × 5000 = ₹900
2. Percentage Increase
Formula: ((New - Old) ÷ Old) × 100
Example: Salary increased from ₹40,000 to ₹48,000: = ((48000 - 40000) ÷ 40000) × 100 = 20% increase
3. Percentage Decrease
Formula: ((Old - New) ÷ Old) × 100
Example: Price dropped from ₹2,000 to ₹1,600: = ((2000 - 1600) ÷ 2000) × 100 = 20% decrease
4. Percentage Difference
Formula: (|A - B| ÷ ((A + B) / 2)) × 100
Practical Examples
| Scenario | Calculation | Result |
|---|---|---|
| 18% GST on ₹10,000 | (18/100) × 10000 | ₹1,800 |
| 30% discount on ₹2,499 | (30/100) × 2499 | ₹749.70 off |
| CGPA 8.5 to percentage | 8.5 × 9.5 | 80.75% |
| Grade percentage (432/500) | (432/500) × 100 | 86.4% |
Related Calculators
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- GST Calculator — Calculate goods & services tax